Therefore for CCS project screening/design in structurally open cases it is more critical to investigate this balance than for CCS in structurally closed reservoirs.Being ultra-focused and attentive when hoisting the heavy iron is an absolute must when seeking the exponential results that’ll take your bodybuilding progress further than ever before. For structurally open cases, the balance between, on the one hand, the lateral CO 2 plume migration speed and, on the other hand, the capillary trapping/dissolution/mineralisation rate, determines the spatial distribution of the mobile CO 2 in relation to potential leak paths. For a structurally open setting, however, the CO 2 fate (spatial distribution and trapping category) is much more likely to vary significantly over time due to relatively quick CO 2 plume migration laterally and relatively quick conversion of CO 2 into the less mobile (capillary trapped/dissolved/mineralised) CO 2 fate categories. Therefore the CO 2 fate plot from the IPCC 2005 report should not be used for quantitative statements regarding the relative size and timing of the various CO 2 fate categories for most potential CO 2 storage sites such statements are likely to be invalid.Īnother implication is that for a structurally closed setting the CO 2 tends to be relatively static: slow transitions between CO 2 fate categories, and (due to structural closure) limited lateral migration of mobile gas. Moreover, only a small subset of structurally open cases, and none of the structurally closed cases, leads to CO 2 fate plots that are similar to the one in the IPCC 2005 report. This result is quite robust under variation of other parameters such as vertical to horizontal permeability, reservoir thickness, reservoir dip angle, relative permeabilities and geochemical variations. In a structurally closed setting the CO 2 dissolution and/or mineralisation takes orders of magnitude longer than in a structurally open setting. Our results bring out major differences between a depleted gas field setting (more generally: structurally closed setting) and a dipping saline aquifer setting (more generally: structurally open setting). This new range of plots can be used for communication purposes to a wider audience, and also as a Quality Control tool for future modelling studies. The objective of this work is to generate a realistic range of CO 2 fate plots, derived from reservoir simulations on simple geometries but with realistic input parameters, expressing the impact of key control parameters. The reason for this is that reservoir settings are different from case to case, having a profound impact on the characteristic times, shapes, and magnitudes of the CO 2 fate curves. However, for actual case studies the curves behave quantitatively and sometimes qualitatively differently from the archetype plot. While a simplification is a good way to illustrate physical mechanisms, the problem with this plot is that due to its popularity it is now easily misinterpreted to be a universal plot. 1, from the IPCC 2005 report ) is idealised. An important metric for CO 2 storage is the CO 2 fate plot, which displays the partitioning of mobile/capillary trapped/dissolved/mineralised CO 2 as a function of time.
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